The Treasury Profile For Marks & Spencer PLC Essay

The Treasury Profile For Marks & Spencer PLC - Essay Example The strategies and policies for administering these risks are being deliberated in this research essay. M& S is offering high grade quality clothing, exotic food and top grade home products. It has also expanded its operations in many foreign nations and is now operating in 43 foreign locations other than UK. M& S offers a wide range of high grade quality clothing, exotic food and top grade home products, which includes categories like kitchen accessories, house accessories, novelty gifts, decorations, various brands TVs, women’s accessories and clothing, men’s underwear accessories and clothing, office supplies, lingerie, men’s shoes, etc. Marks & Spencer Group is having a centralised Group treasury department to administer the funding requirements of the group and to manage the financial risk in tune with its approved Board’s treasury procedures and policies and operate within their delegated powers. M&S is having a record of twenty –one million satisfied customers in UK alone. It has achieved only a marginal increase in sales of 0.44% in the year 2009 as compared to 2008 due to impact of global economic recession. M& S is constantly paying its attention to customers by frequent surveys and research analysis, by monitoring sales and direct feedback from its customer’s service team. M& S is one of the leading retail chain stores in UK and also operates in many other countries. It has record sales of  £ M 9062.10 in the year 2009. Given its scale and size of the company, it is under heavy pressure to finance its both working capital needs and also in the long-term debt needs. To facilitate its funding needs, M&S group is operating a centralised Group treasury department to administer the funding needs of the group and to manage and control the financial risks in line with its Board of Director’s acknowledged treasury policies and with help of their delegated authorities. Treasury

Language changes during the play Essay Example for Free

Language changes during the play Essay Sheila takes the inspectors lessons to heart, and appears changed by the incident. In Act Two, Sheila sums up the whole familys reactions to the Inspectors questions. She reminds them of the greed, jealousy and selfishness they have all shown. It means we have no excuse now for putting on airs. This is just the start of the speech and she admits responsibility but is very frustrated that the others dont. She has clearly changed.  The audience will have noticed a dramatic change in her personality. She has been affected a lot by the death. She has changed from a jolly and self-centred person to a conscious and very guilty person. If any of the characters were going to change, or learn from the mistakes it would be Sheila. She shows a great deal of interest in Eva Smith/Daisy Rentons death right from the start and throughout. She also feels a lot of guilt and is the only character that is sorry. Her maturity during the interview is much higher than any other character as she is the only one to accept responsibility. Sheila is also the only one who emphasizes her mistake by saying she was very jealous.  Sheilas language changes during the play. She starts off speaking like a child, using words like mummy. She also typically squabbles with her brother. Her language begins to mature and become much more serious during the questioning and after. She begins to take control with the Inspector, trying to help them understand their part in the girls death. Priestley wants the audience, again to understand that honesty is very important. But also that everybody is responsible for each other. Society depends on responsibility for others and Sheilas character should highlight this.  Eric is a spoilt, moody and irresponsible man. (Sulkily) Im all right. Eric is sulking when he utters this line and it gives the impression that he is very young. This is because a lot of children sulk when they are unhappy and Eric is being very childish in doing this. This shows immaturity. I dont give a damn now whether I stay here or not. This suggests his immaturity and selfishness. He isnt in the best of moods after what happens and gets very moody and out of control. Eric lacks self-discipline. His immaturity during this encounter shows much more than the rest and so does his lack of self-discipline. He is old enough to know better.  (Almost threatening her) You dont understand anything. You never did. You never even tried you. This is the worst of Erics anger he does end up calming down. Eric is very distressed by the situation and cannot handle it. He is also very guilty and he does understand the mistake he has made. This is a rare bit of maturity from Eric. Though he is not a pleasant character, we may feel that he has learnt a lesson, that he is sincerely ashamed of his behaviour and he is capable of changing for the better. (Unhappily) My God Im not likely to forget. Eric is aware of the mistake he has made and feels a lot of shame and guilt. Like Sheila, Eric has learned his lesson and they both will learn their lesson. However, their parents dont feels the way they do and dont think anybody has done anything wrong, and this is what really frustrates Eric. Eric is the youngest child in the family and this is fairly noticeable because he speaks with great immaturity. He is rude and very hard to get on with. He uses demanding but very childish words, as if to draw attention. But his attitude and language change when the inspector questions him, and unlike most of the others, feels a lot of guilt, shame and wants to learn from his mistakes. Even when they find out the Inspector might have been a fake he still remained remorseful and full of pity. Priestley may have used Eric to represent the idea that nobody is perfect. Learning from mistakes will make you a much better person. Eric has done a lot of things wrong during his life, being rude and impolite to family members and also thieving and deceiving others. He has without doubt the worst history but he is mature enough to learn from this. Priestley may have also used Eric to represent the emotions that, if the audience were in a similar situation, might act like. He gets frustrated that his parents wont accept his guilt and does tend to lash out. Priestley uses the Inspector to convey his own ideas about morality to the audience. Rather than representing a real person, his character represents the abstract idea of human conscience, which ensures consideration and responsibility for others. He calls himself Inspector Goole. The word Goole has connotations of being ghostly, spiritual and non-human. Priestley could have wanted the inspector to be a kind of ghost and play on the characters conscience. We get the sense that he is some kind of supernatural force. Being called Goole gives the audience some idea he may not be real but he manages to control the situation and dominate the situation. He gets into the characters conscience and makes them reveal all. He does this by asking demanding short questions. Well? This question is very short but has so much power to it. He speaks as though he was a boss talking to an employer, or as if he was a teacher speaking to a student. He gets so much out of the characters by asking one-liners like this. This also shows confidence, Inspector Goole now believes he has taken control, which he Cleary has done, and starts to use these demanding questions. He is not afraid to contradict and be rude to his social superiors. (Cutting in) Never mind about that. The quote shows the inspector interrupting the flow of the conversation. The family would obviously not approve of butting in as they are supposed to be such a polite and well-bred family. By inspector Goole showing no fear in doing this it shows his dominance. He sets himself up as the boss in the whole situation right from the start and this is something Mr and Mrs Birling find hard to deal with.  Priestley wants the audience to ask themselves how responsible are we for others in society? He uses five different characters with five very different reactions to the situation. Mr Birling feels he has nothing to do with the death and the girl is at fault. Mrs Birling doesnt want anything to do with it and she doesnt have the time. Sheila on the other hand reacts totally differently from Mr and Mrs Birling, she is very sorry for what she has done. She seems very interested in the whole situation. She shows a lot of emotion and promises she will learn from her mistakes.  Gerald makes it quite clear that he is sorry for what he had done but shows little emotion. He does remain very honest throughout. Though when he finds out the inspector was a fake he starts to show less and less guilt and much more relief. Eric is certainly the most emotional of all the characters. He is very sorry and upset by the whole situation. We can tell by his reaction that he is the youngest in the family, as he becomes very moody and frustrated, at some point he almost breaks down. Its like the whole thing is too much for him to handle. Like Sheila he definitely learns his lessen and is willing to change. Now, the audience can look at each character and think, which one am I most like? Would I feel guilty? Would I be emotional and very sorry? Would I remain very honest? These are all questions Priestley wants the audience to ask themselves. Overall, the main question is, how responsible are we for others in society?  In my opinion Priestley succeeded in getting this moral question across. He certainly encouraged me to ask myself these questions.

Investigating the Resistance of Wires :: Papers

Investigating the Resistance of Wires Aim: To investigate how the diameter of a constantan wire will affect its resistance and hence the current flowing through it. Prediction: I predict that the thicker the diameter the less resistance there will be. Reason: In a metal, some of the electrons are free to move between the ions, to form a "sea" of electrons around the positive metal ions. Metals that are good conductors have more "free" electrons and therefore these electrons move easily around the positive metal ions. However in metals that have fewer "free" electrons, the ions act as obstacles to the flow of electrons and therefore the wire has resistance. The current becomes stronger with the more electrons that flow through a wire in one second. As the diameter increases the electrons will have more available routes between the ions to pass through per second, making the electron flow greater hence the current becoming stronger. See figures 1 and 2: [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] In a larger diameter, there [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE]Figure 1: are more routes for free [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] electrons to travel [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] through. [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] In a smaller diameter, [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE]Figure 2: there are fewer routes [IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE][IMAGE] for the free electrons [IMAGE] to travel through. Plan: I will set up a circuit consisting of a cell, ammeter, voltmeter and 50cm of constantan wire. The diameters I will use are as follows. 0.56mm, 0.43mm, 0.38mm, 0.32mm, 0.27mm and 0.20mm. I will measure these diameters with a micrometer. I will take three readings of the current and potential difference for each different diameter of the wire and take an average for V (potential difference measured by a voltmeter) and I (current measured by an ammeter) in order to get the most accurate results possible. I will then plot these results in two graphs one plotting V against I and another plotting the average resistance (using ohm's law R=V/I) against the diameter.

Middle school Essay

0 year i was born on 1998/7/5, in shanghai, china. 9 month i learned how to walk. 3 years old my first day of kindergarten. i cried but i also met a lot of cool kids. i learned to read. 4 years old i started to dance and i love dancing. 7 years old i went to elementary school and i was very exciting. i played violin for one year and then i quit. 9 years old lost my first tooth, i’m scared. 10 years old i got a first C in my life. rode my bicycle. 12 years old I went to a good middle school, and most people are very good at study. i felt i’m so lonely and tired. But after 2 weeks, i made a lot of friends and i love my life in my high school. my feet hurt, my doctor told me that i can’t dance anymore, play any spots or P. E. class. 13 years old i moved to america because i got a bad score in my middle school. my parents think that i can’t get into a good high school in china. most my classmates cried, i cried. i really missed them went i first came to here. but after few days, i adjusted my new life and i like my new school taylor middle school. however, i still miss my family members in shanghai and my friends. i still contact them. i also took a lot of classes after school to improve my english. 14 years old i became a eighth grader, i felt i’m so mature. i learned a lot from this year. i started to play guitar. 15 years old i went to mils high school. i got a good grade. 19 years old i went to UC berkeley. i met my boyfriend. had a good time in UC berkely. 24 years old graduated from UC berkeley, became a good psychologist. 26 years old i got married, have a good life. 27 years old got a lot of money and had my first child. 32 years old got my second child. 70 years old i got stomach cancer. 82 years old i died from gastric cancer, i donated my organs.

Of Mice and Men Character Analysis Essay

Show how Steinbeck shows two characters making difficult decisions in Of mice and Men A decision can either have a good or bad outcome. In ‘Of Mice and Men’ characters are made to take difficult decisions which could change their lives. In this essay, I will be analyzing ways in which Steinbeck portrays (shows) difficult decisions made by characters, in the novel. George makes some tough decisions which all lead him to his misery. When George and Lennie are sitting near the fire, George says to Lennie, â€Å"‘if I was alone I could live so easy’ ‘no mess at all’, ‘An’ whatta I got†¦I got you!’ † George’s life is not easy because he has to deal with Lennie, who gets into trouble-most of the time. Choosing to take care of Lennie, instead of abandoning him is a tough choice; this is what leads George to this painful outcome. When talking to Carlson after killing Lennie, â€Å"George’s voice was almost a whisper. He looked at his hand that held the gun.† George is now lonely sand he feels guilty for taking Lennie’s life away. George chose to kill Lennie because if he didn’t, Lennie would be killed painfully by Curley, and George does not want Lennie to suffer. Candy is forced to make difficult choices which all result in him facing terrible outcomes. After the death of his dog, Candy says â€Å"‘I ought to of shot that dog myself, George. I shouldn’t ought to of let no stranger shoot my dog.’† Candy now has a feeling of regret and he misses his dog. Candy lets Carlson shoot his dog because he feels he has no other choice but to let him because he thinks they would kick him off the ranch. After finding Curley’s wife dead, knowing it was Lennie, Candy â€Å"spoke his greatest fear. ‘You an’ me can get that little place can’t we, George?’ ‘Candy dropped his head and looked down at the hay. He knew.’ † Candy’s dreams are now flattened as he knows that they will no longer continue to try to get the little ranch. He had so much hope when he decided to join George and Lennie on their dream, but now he has to stay on the ranch because he has no other options. Candy just wanted to get off the ranch and keep his dog, but could not do either because of the choices he was forced to make. These characters made hard decisions which they thought would make their lives better but instead they changed their lives for the worse. They all just wanted a happy life but they all lost the chance to get this happiness at the end of the novel. Whether their choices were forced or freely made,  they did not make the right decisions to reach their dreams.

Suspense In Julius Caesar Essays - Ancient Rome, 1st Millennium BC

Suspense In Julius Caesar Essays - Ancient Rome, 1st Millennium BC Suspense In Julius Caesar Shakespeares Methods of Suspense In Julius Caesar Shakespeare used many techniques to build suspense in Julius Caesar, but the two events that moved the story the most, the siloqueys by Brutus and the other conspirators and Caesars wifes dream, created the suspense up until Caesars assassination. When the reader reads Brutus siloquey, they feel on edge for the first time. This is a turning point in the story and the reader ponders if Brutus will join the conspirators. When he begins his speech with It must be his death.(Act 2 Scene 1 Pg 49 Line 10) the reader becomes overwhelmed with shock. Since Brutus was one of the most honorable senators, the fact that he would go against his friend generates a sudden urgency in the play. After reading that Brutus deems Caesar as a serpents egg, which hatched would, as his kind, grow mischievous. [We] should kill him in the shell. the reader is anxious that Caesar will be killed shortly (Act 2 Scene 1 Pg 51 Lines 33-36). Since Brutus speech occurred at his house, in private, Caesar remains total ly unaware of Brutus plan, causing the reader to scream in agony of the dramatic irony they've just read. Fortunately for Caesar, his wife has a vision of the coming days events. Calphurnia has a dream that Caesar will be murdered the next day. During Calphurnias dream of Caesars death, the reader gets a feeling of the tension inside the story. Caphurinas dream, one of death and mayhem, and so vivid and graphic it causes her to scream out Help ho, they murder Caesar! three times. (Act 2 Scene Pg. 75 Lines 1-3) Caesar tells Decius Brutus later She dreamt tonight that she saw my statue, which, like a fountain with a hundred spouts, did run pure blood; and many lusty Romans came smiling and did bathe their hands in it. And these does she apply for warnings and portents and evils imminent, and on her knee hath begged that I will stay at home today. (Act 2 Scene 2 Pg 81 lines 81-87) Caesar truly believes that the truth of the vision and the reader believes that he will stay at home. Unfo rtunately, the man Caesar told his dream to happens to be aligned with Brutus. He convinces Caesar that This is all amiss interpreted (Act Scene 2 Pg 81 Line 88). The reader feels the suspense because they know Caesar has just taken the bait and the conspiritors are waiting to reel him in. In conclusion, Shakespeare created such suspense using the foreshadowing by Calphurnia and the siloquey by Brutus that the reader felt an immeasurable amount of emotions that only the great playwright could ensue. Bibliography Julius Caesar William Shakespeare

Quantum Number Definition (Chemistry and Physics)

Quantum Number Definition (Chemistry and Physics) A  quantum number is a value that is used when describing the energy levels available to atoms and molecules. An electron in an atom or ion has four quantum numbers to describe its state and yield solutions to the Schrà ¶dinger wave equation for the hydrogen atom. There are four quantum numbers: n - principal quantum number - describes the energy levelâ„“ - azimuthal or angular momentum quantum number - describes the subshellmâ„“Â  or m - magnetic quantum number - describes the orbital of the subshellms or s - spin quantum number - describes the spin Quantum Number Values According to the Pauli exclusion principle, no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers. Each quantum number is represented by either a half-integer or integer value. The principal quantum number is an integer that is the number of the electrons shell. The value is 1 or higher (never 0 or negative).The angular momentum quantum number is an integer that is the value of the electrons orbital (e.g., s0, p1).  Ã¢â€žâ€œ is greater than or equal to zero and less than or equal to n-1.The magnetic quantum number is the orientation of the orbital with integer values ranging from -â„“ to  Ã¢â€žâ€œ. So, for the p orbital, where  Ã¢â€žâ€œ1, m could have values of -1, 0, 1.The spin quantum number is a half-integer value that is either -1/2 (called spin down) or 1/2 (called spin up). Quantum Number Example For the outer valence electrons of a carbon atom, the electrons are found in the 2p orbital. The four quantum numbers used to describe the electrons are n2,  Ã¢â€žâ€œ1, m1, 0, or -1, and s1/2 (the electrons have parallel spins). Not Just for Electrons While quantum numbers are commonly used to describe electrons, they may be used to describe the nucleons (protons and neutrons) of an atom or elementary particles.

9 claves para green card por VAWA (violencia domstica)

9 claves para green card por VAWA (violencia domstica) Las và ­ctimas de violencia domà ©stica podrà ­an tener derecho a solicitar una tarjeta de residencia (green card) para sà ­ mismas, en cumplimiento de un programa que se conoce como VAWA, por sus siglas en inglà ©s.  Esto son 9 puntos a tener en cuenta antes de iniciar el proceso. Matrimonio legal La và ­ctima tiene que estar casada con un ciudadano americano o un residente permanente legal. En el caso de convivir juntos pero no estar casados o de estar casados con un no residente no se puede aplicar por VAWA, pero podrà ­a haber otras opciones, como la visa U para và ­ctimas de violencia. En algunos casos es posible que tambià ©n obtengan beneficios por VAWA los hijos y los padres de ciudadanos o residentes permanentes. Tiene que haber abuso Pero no tiene que ser exclusivamente fà ­sico. Puede ser psicolà ³gico, emocional o, incluso financiero.   Por ejemplo, es abuso amenazar al cà ³nyuge con llamar a Inmigracià ³n para que le deporte o con quitarle o esconderle los hijos. Lo importante es  que tiene que producirse una situacià ³n que, en su conjunto, pruebe que hay abuso, control y crueldad por parte de un esposo sobre el otro. La infidelidad no es considerado abuso. Asà ­ que si el problema es un asunto de cachos (cuernos), no aplica VAWA. El abuso tiene que demostrarse Pero no es necesario tener un reporte policial, fotos que muestren golpizas, informes mà ©dicos, etc. Ya que en muchos casos ser suficiente si hay testigos reputables que oyeron o vieron el abuso. Es muy importante hablar con un abogado de inmigracià ³n experto en temas de violencia domà ©stica para buscar la mejor estrategia para poder probar el abuso. La và ­ctima del abuso puede ser el cà ³nyuge del ciudadano o residente o el hijo/a del abusado, si es menor de 21 aà ±os y est soltero. La và ­ctima puede ser un hombre o una mujer A pesar del nombre -VAWA son las iniciales en inglà ©s de la Ley de Violencia contra Mujeres- lo cierto es que pueden aplicar tanto los hombres como las mujeres, ya que ambos pueden ser và ­ctimas. Es cierto que en la inmensa mayorà ­a de los casos las và ­ctimas son mujeres, particularmente en los casos de violencia fà ­sica. Pero tambià ©n hay numerosos supuestos de abuso psicolà ³gico o financiero en contra de los hombres.   Green card condicional por dos aà ±os En casos de matrimonio con ciudadano en los que se tiene una green card condicional no es necesario esperar con el cà ³nyuge que abusa a que se cumplan esos dos aà ±os para levantar la condicionalidad. Si se vive una condicià ³n de abuso es recomendable asesorarse con un abogado antes de tomar ninguna decisià ³n. Pero hay que saber que la ley permite levantar la condicionalidad sin el consentimiento e incluso conocimiento del cà ³nyuge que abusa y, por lo tanto, no hay obligacià ³n de seguir viviendo con à ©l (o ella). Quedarse en la casa con el esposo/a abusador/a La ley no lo pone como requisito. Antes de tomar una decisià ³n sobre abandonar el hogar o permanecer en à ©l hay que pensar sobre si se corre peligro viviendo en la casa. Y tambià ©n sobre la credibilidad de una persona que dice que su cà ³nyuge la abusa, pero sigue conviviendo con ella. Recordar una vez ms que la ley no impone nada en este punto. Hay personas que aguantan mucho y continà ºan viviendo con el abusador porque tienen miedo, o por los hijos, etc, y eso no quiere decir que no està ©n de verdad siendo maltratadas. Divorcio Es posible solicitar una green card por VAWA incluso en los casos en los que el matrimonio ha acabado en divorcio. Pero en estos casos es necesario que la solicitud se envà ­e antes de que se cumplan dos aà ±os a contar desde la fecha en la que se dictà ³ el divorcio. Por ejemplo, si una persona se divorcià ³ (fecha final) el 3 de enero de 2015, tiene de plazo para solicitar hasta el 2 de enero de 2017. LGBT En los casos de matrimonios gays, de lesbianas, bisexuales o transexuales (LGBT, por sus siglas en inglà ©s), las và ­ctimas de violencia domà ©stica tienen las mismas opciones de proteccià ³n que en los supuestos de matrimonios entre un hombre y una mujer. Buen carcter moral La và ­ctima ha de tener buen carcter moral, ya que segà ºn la ley ese es un requisito para que la peticià ³n pueda ser aprobada. A tener muy en cuenta Estos casos son complicados y, si no se hace bien, hay un riesgo real de que acabe mal desde el punto de vista migratorio (con una deportacià ³n). Este artà ­culo no es consejo legal, ya que cada caso es un mundo y hay circunstancias especiales que lo hacen diferente a otros parecidos. Es por ello que es realmente importante contar con un abogado de inmigracià ³n experto en este tipo de casos. Estos son unos consejos sobre cà ³mo elegirlo y estas son organizaciones que pueden ayudar o dar referencia de buenos letrados a precios asequibles. Vivimos en los Estados Unidos de Amà ©rica. Nadie tiene derecho a abusar de otro ser humano, y mucho menos, de su esposa o esposo. En caso de peligro, sentimientos de abandono, necesidad de ayuda legal o de vivienda de acogimiento provisional no dudar en llamar a la Là ­nea Nacional de Violencia Domà ©stica: 1-800-799-7233. A cualquier hora del dà ­a o de la noche. Cualquier dà ­a de la semana. Atienden en 170 idiomas, incluyendo por supuesto el espaà ±ol y tambià ©n lenguas indà ­genas de las Amà ©ricas, para las personas que prefieren utilizar su idioma materno. Adems, los  mexicanos, cualquiera que sea su estatus migratorio, pueden marcar gratuitamente al telà ©fono de la CIAM donde brindan excelente informacià ³n, ayuda y referencias.   Por à ºltimo, es conveniente estar informado sobre quà © es el asalto sexual y cules son los derechos de las và ­ctimas y dà ³nde pedir ayuda y tambià ©n cules son las consecuencias migratorias para victimarios. Este es un artà ­culo informativo. No es asesorà ­a legal.

Weekly summary Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Weekly summary - Assignment Example Dysfunctional conflicts, however, inhibit performance as they suppress employees’ abilities. Therefore, organizations should change their view that conflict is always bad, and embrace functional conflicts that promote organizational performance. Given that most organizations operate through teams, many team dynamics arise as employees work together. This process brings many people together, who possess different views on similar issues. Consequently, conflicts dominate teams on a daily basis. However, the leadership of these teams contributes significantly to shaping the outcomes of the conflicts. The team that the U.S government hired, for example, displayed conflict. Some members shed light on the possibility of Osama not being in the target area, while others were optimistic that he could be found there. This conflict made the team to invent creative ways of dealing with the mission. They planned the operation in a manner that considered the two possibilities, leading to an effective venture (Robbins & Judge 2013). As a manager, this incidence provides me with invaluable insight. I appreciate the involvement of teams in solving organizational problems. I realize that many hands can be better than one, and taking into account the opinions of other employees’ yields great results. More to these, I believe that functional conflicts play a productive role in the work place as long as the leaders handle them

Harmonized Code Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Harmonized Code - Assignment Example to be a net foreign exchange earner however, they will not in any way be subjected a pre- determined value addition or any form of minimum export performance (CBP). In terms of the domestic tariff area by the special economic zones have to be a net foreign exchange earner. However the units in the Zone will have to be a net foreign exchange earner and will not be subjected to any predetermined value addition or the export performance requirements. The sales in the domestic tariff centre will also be subjected to the payment of full custom duty and the import policy which will be in force. The policy that has been used in this case provides for setting up of the special economic zones in the public, private, the joint sector and the United States government. It is also worth to note that some of the export processing zones will be converted in to special economic zones. In the same way, the government has export processing zones that are located in most of the countries it does business with. So in the case where there are 202 countries in falling under the general tariff of 0.8 there will be 4 sections with 20 chapters depending on the number of tariffs that are required in each section

Current issues in hrm - Final report (build up from the draft report Essay

Current issues in hrm - Final report (build up from the draft report. id no.78155928) - Essay Example Equal opportunity concentrates on eliminating any forms of discrimination and embarks on respect and fair treatment for all. Both the management of diversity and equal opportunities are policies which the human resource department should manage to create strategic plans to implement throughout the organization. Managing diversity recognises that every one is unique and that people have different abilities to contribute to organisational goals and business performance. This is what is termed as a ‘valued-based approach’, which enables organisations progress towards embracing equality. When it comes to equal opportunities organisations aim at following the law and not really harnessing the potential advantage of a diverse workforce or checking to ensure that diversity is not an obstacle to achievement of organisational goals. However, managing diversity is pro-active approach that seeks to root out any unfair bias that affects operational activities, and it goes beyond follow the law to extent it is about being competitive or surviving in the market place. Managing diversity is inseparable from the core functions of the HRM system, as it is connected with the development of communication within the organisation, as well as creating a flexible system of psychological and economic motivation so that to boost the employees’ performance. As the competitive advantage of any company depends upon its staff and their characteristics, diversity becomes crucial to consider while talking about managing personnel. It is essential for the human resource department of companies to integrate the personal attributes of its employees to form a cohesive unit. Social management is therefore an inseparable part of HRM. The end of the 19th century was characterised by a rapid transition from national to multicultural societies, and this transition concerned organisations as well ( ). These changes are extremely important, as

Alzheimer's Agitation Prevention Music Therapy Research Paper

Alzheimer's Agitation Prevention Music Therapy - Research Paper Example Moreover, caretakers are also in a happy mood while serving the food making a psychological impact on the patient. The present article highlights the chief themes of agitation as well as aims to examine how intervention of music could control agitation in Alzheimer's patients. Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating condition that affects the elderly population. According to Peng (2003), dementia is a condition that â€Å"affects problem solving ability, decision making, judgement, our ability to orient ourselves in space, and our ability to put together simple sentences and understand and communicate with words†¦Dementia is a permanent, progressive disease that affects mostly the elderly.† AD is also a kind of dementia influencing memory of the individual, difficulties in languages, gross motor co-ordination is severely affected, the cognitive abilities are influenced, the decisive power of the individual is affected and thus an overall personality of the individual is altered (Alzheimer's Association, 2004). Agitation is considered as an improper verbal or motor activities. Patients may display four kinds of agitation behavior which are expressed under different themes- * Non-aggressive Verbal Behavior: Under this category illogical jabber takes place. The patient may ask repeated questions, bringing irritation to the caretaker. * Non-aggressive Physical Behavior is displayed when the patient gets bored, frightened or confused and seek security as well as expression for pain. The patient display rapidity, drifting, boring body motions, hoarding or stakeout. * Aggressive Verbal Behavior- The patient may utter abusive words, may curse the care takers which could be awful for the loved ones. * Aggressive Physical Behavior- Patient may display aggression in the form of physical action such as beating, scraping or kicking the care takers. These actions could be sometimes dangerous for the loved ones of the caretakers (Management of Agit ation Behavior). Management of agitation is of paramount significance for Alzheimer's patients. Modification of environment could serve as an imperative step to reduce the agitation. Music is known to be an entertaining action therefore listening to music have positive health implications. Music is calming to ears, relaxes brain and removes gloom and stress. Numerous studies disclose that music has the power to help ailing, injured, physically challenged, mentally unsound individuals or elderly population. These studies indicate that the presence of music serves as a therapy for these cases. Playing patient's favorite music can diminish the agitation. Music enhances the uptake of meals, relaxes the body when played during bath or exercise, fill the individual with positivity and enthusiasm. According to Clark et al (1998), music provides mental strength to the Alzheimer's disease and those suffering with dementia. Their study indicate that music afford a positive advantage as it aid s in diminishing agitation. This is displayed through the behavior of the patient as the patient becomes less aggressive especially during bath time and they also display reduced requirement for physical control. Literature Review Various studies have been carried out across the globe to study

Dissertation in Science Education Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

In Science Education - Dissertation Example Example of the nature of the structuring that makes it possible for in-depth science research knowledge to be impacted includes the intensiveness of the program. For instance some teachers are brought up close with Cornell Center for Materials Research (CCMR) laboratories, which are facilitated by specialized laboratory managers, faculty and former students for as long as six weeks without a break (Cook et al, 2000). Normally, such mathematics and science teachers do not get the opportunity of having dedicated times with laboratory experiences with the standard of the CCMR Shared Experimental Facilities. Another relevant component of the RET program that is set to make it very easy for shared experiences to impact deep into teachers attending the program is the fact that the programs are structured such that participants work together as team. In effect, basic concepts that could prove difficult in their understanding are easily shared among team members for practical resolution. Ind eed, for the fact that the structure of the program is intense and focused on problem solving skills, set out by trained and skilled facility managers Sadler et al (2009) have noted that it has always been possible and easier for teachers attending the RET programs to have the kind of experiences that the programs require them to have. But it is important to note that the essence and idea behind the RET programs does not end with the mere acquisition of knowledge on research experiments for teachers. Rather, the major target of the program is the student, meaning that after teachers gain the experiences from the program, they should be in a position to passing these on to their students (Polloway, Patton and Serna, 2008). As teachers, it has always been expected that there will be the use of learner-centered and other creative approaches to teaching that make absorption of concepts taught easier for learners. However, some key factors have often inhibited this noble vision. Subseque ntly, students, who are the target products of the RET programs have not benefited fully from the programs (Rao, 2009). 1.3 Purpose of the Study Based on the background given and the problem identified earlier, the researcher seeks to use this proposal to clearly identify and spell out the factors that aid in the successful implementation of science and engineering practices into the regular classroom experience of teachers. Furthermore, ways by which teachers can be supported in their classroom after completion of any RET program to make implementation of experiences and subsequently improvement of student learning possible, shall also be outlined. 2.0 Background Literature 2.1 Measuring success of RET programs in Learners Several researchers in the area of science and mathematics education have studied the need to making the learner the end product of teachers’ success with the RET program. In this, a number of debates and arguments have come up was to why the focus on the systematic structure of the

Alzheimer's Agitation Prevention Music Therapy Research Paper

Alzheimer's Agitation Prevention Music Therapy - Research Paper Example Moreover, caretakers are also in a happy mood while serving the food making a psychological impact on the patient. The present article highlights the chief themes of agitation as well as aims to examine how intervention of music could control agitation in Alzheimer's patients. Introduction Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating condition that affects the elderly population. According to Peng (2003), dementia is a condition that â€Å"affects problem solving ability, decision making, judgement, our ability to orient ourselves in space, and our ability to put together simple sentences and understand and communicate with words†¦Dementia is a permanent, progressive disease that affects mostly the elderly.† AD is also a kind of dementia influencing memory of the individual, difficulties in languages, gross motor co-ordination is severely affected, the cognitive abilities are influenced, the decisive power of the individual is affected and thus an overall personality of the individual is altered (Alzheimer's Association, 2004). Agitation is considered as an improper verbal or motor activities. Patients may display four kinds of agitation behavior which are expressed under different themes- * Non-aggressive Verbal Behavior: Under this category illogical jabber takes place. The patient may ask repeated questions, bringing irritation to the caretaker. * Non-aggressive Physical Behavior is displayed when the patient gets bored, frightened or confused and seek security as well as expression for pain. The patient display rapidity, drifting, boring body motions, hoarding or stakeout. * Aggressive Verbal Behavior- The patient may utter abusive words, may curse the care takers which could be awful for the loved ones. * Aggressive Physical Behavior- Patient may display aggression in the form of physical action such as beating, scraping or kicking the care takers. These actions could be sometimes dangerous for the loved ones of the caretakers (Management of Agit ation Behavior). Management of agitation is of paramount significance for Alzheimer's patients. Modification of environment could serve as an imperative step to reduce the agitation. Music is known to be an entertaining action therefore listening to music have positive health implications. Music is calming to ears, relaxes brain and removes gloom and stress. Numerous studies disclose that music has the power to help ailing, injured, physically challenged, mentally unsound individuals or elderly population. These studies indicate that the presence of music serves as a therapy for these cases. Playing patient's favorite music can diminish the agitation. Music enhances the uptake of meals, relaxes the body when played during bath or exercise, fill the individual with positivity and enthusiasm. According to Clark et al (1998), music provides mental strength to the Alzheimer's disease and those suffering with dementia. Their study indicate that music afford a positive advantage as it aid s in diminishing agitation. This is displayed through the behavior of the patient as the patient becomes less aggressive especially during bath time and they also display reduced requirement for physical control. Literature Review Various studies have been carried out across the globe to study

Aging and Ageism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Aging and Ageism - Essay Example From this paper it is clear that Janet is has her resilience and ability to adapt to change. Being married to an alcoholic for 35 years greatly affected her and her ability to deal with turbulence and change. She has grown through adversity all of her life and now leads a content lifestyle still pursuing her dreams at age 71. She has taught me that a passion for life, varied interests and a deep desire to help others can create a joyful life.This study outlines that celebrating and recognizing transitions in life has always been important to Janet. At age 60 she was given a crone party where her family and friends took the opportunity to acknowledge her for where she had come from and where she currently was. It was a chance for her to share some of the lessons she has learned as she aged. Janet used the ceremony to release past issues like a smoking habit she quit many years before, menstruation as she had already gone through menopause, her teaching career, her husband, and the rai sing of her children. It was a unique way for friends and family to learn from her experiences as well as honor who for who she had become—and recognize that even though she was now considered at times by society as â€Å"over the hill†, that she had many years of fruitful opportunities still available.  Spirituality has always been a large influence on Janet and her outlook on life. She is deeply religious and believes that her thoughts and actions affect others as well as herself.

The collapse of the European economies after World War 1 Essay Example for Free

The collapse of the European economies after World War 1 Essay During the course of this essay I will discuss how America was advantaged by the collapse of the European economies after World War 1. How the policies of the Republican Government helped to surge the American economy. I will discuss how this economic boom did not benefit everyone in America and how the motor car industry helped stimulate Americas growing economy, and how luxury goods became more available in America, and I will continue with how hire purchase and credit was highly available during this time of prosperity. I will outline who did and who did not benefit from this booming economy, also how reversals in U.S. policy occurred during 1919-1922. Then I will continue to explain the McCumber traffic act which issued a tariff on foreign goods entering America to encourage Americas to purchase American goods and thus helping the economy to grow further; leading to an increase in customer spending. I will tell you how Woodrow Wilson introduced the League of Nations, and how the USA isolated itself from the international community so as to avoid conflict. I will look at how Americas vast amounts of natural resources were a contributing factor to the growth of the economy. Before the war, Germany had the largest chemical industry in the world but after the war it was significantly damaged and America took the place of the Germans in this industry, which greatly improved Americas economy. They also took over European trade. Europe was on its knees after the war so they borrowed money from the U.S. This provided the U.S. with a good regular source of revenue. The American economy was running away with itself. This was due to the explosion of the car industry. Henry Ford was a car manufacturer. He came up with the idea of the first production line. This meant that different jobs were allocated to different people and in different stages, meaning production was more effective. The car industry used up to 80% of Americas steel 75% of the glass in the U.S. and 65% of leather and rubber. By the end of the 1920s, the motor car industry was the biggest industry in America. It also employed hundreds of thousands of workers directly. It kept many people in other industries employed. Petrol was needed to run the car which brought about a new branch of businesses, which branched off from the car industries; petrol stations, the road building industry, motels, roadside diners, billboards and mechanic services were just some of these new businesses. Road construction was the biggest single employer in the 1920s. Owning a car was no longer a privilege reserved for the rich. The production line had mad making cars cheaper, so more people could afford them. There was one car to every five people in the USA, compared with one to 43 in Britain and one to 700 in Russia. The car made it possible for more people to buy houses further from the cities. This boosted the house building industry as the American economy grew, more people spent money on luxury goods, this lead to such goods becoming more available in America and more companies making them. Telephones, radios, vacuum cleaners and washing machines were mass produced on a vast scale making them cheaper. New electrical companies such as Hoover became household names; they used the latest most efficient techniques proposed by the industrial efficiency movement. At the same time, the larger industries used sophisticated sales and marketing techniques to get people to purchase their products. Mass nationwide advisements were used for the first time in the U.S. during the war to get Americans to support the war. Many of the people had learned their skills during the war and had now set up agencies to sell cars, cigarettes, clothing and other products. Poster advertisements, radio advertisements and travelling salesmen encouraged America to spend. Even if they did not have money people could now borrow it easily or they could take advantage of the new buy now pay later hire purchase schemes. By this time, the car industry was flourishing; the most famous car produced was the model T. More than 15 million where produced between 1908 and 1925. In 1927 they were produced at a rate of one every ten seconds. In 1929, 4.8 million cars were made. The boom in the American economy was helped by the republican policies from 1920 to 1932. All the U.S. presidents were republicans and republicans also dominated congress. Republicans believed that government should interfere as little as possible in the everyday lives of the people. This attitude is called `laissez-faire`. They believed the job of the president was to leave the business to the businessmen. The republicans believed in import tariffs which made it expensive to import foreign goods. For example, in 1922, Haring introduced the Fordney-McCumber tariff which made imported food expensive in the USA. These tariffs protected businesses against foreign competition and allowed American companies to grow even more rapidly. The USA also began closing its borders to foreign immigrants. Taxation was kept as low as possible this brought some benefits to ordinary working people. But it brought even more to the rich. The republicans thinking was, the more money people had, the more they would spend in America and the wealthy would re-invest in America. They also allowed the development of trusts. These were huge super-corporations which dominated industry. Woodrow Wilson and the democrats had fought against trusts, because they believed it was unhealthy for men such as Garnegie (steel) and Rockefeller (oil) to have almost complete control of one vital sector of industry. The republicans allowed the trusts to do what they wanted, believing that the captains of industry knew better than politicians did. However, this time of prosperity in America was not felt by the whole population. Farming was at a low point. The total U.S. farming income dropped from $22 billion in 1919 to just $13 billion in 1928. There where a number of factors that contributed to these problems. After the war, Europe imported less food from the U.S. This was partly because, Europe was poor and partly due to the tariffs which stopped Europe from exporting to the U.S. farmers were also struggling against competition from the efficient Canadian wheat producers. The population of the U.S. was falling which meant there where fewer mouths to feed. At the route of all these difficulties was overproduction. This resulted in wheat being produced which simply nobody wanted. In the 1920s the U.S. farmer was each year producing enough to feed his family and 14 others. Prices dropt dramatically as desperation kicked in and farmers tried to sell their produce. Most farm prices fell by 50 per cent. Hundreds of rural banks collapsed in the 1900s and there were five times as many farms going out of business as there had been in the 1900s and 1910s. Not all farmers were affected by these problems. Wealthy Americans wanted fresh vegetables throughout the year. For most farmers, the 1920s were a time of great difficulty .and this was a major concern. About half of all Americans lived in rural areas; the difficulty affected more than 60 million Americans. Lots of Americans lost their jobs, these where largely unskilled workers, mainly immigrants.

The Human Resource Issues Faced By Coca Cola

The Human Resource Issues Faced By Coca Cola This assignment will give you an overall idea about human resource issues because Coca-Cola brought 10,000 employees, and thus doubling its workforce. In such conditions, as stated, Coca-cola faced complexity with unnecessary employees and, resignations and sacks. Under these circumstances HR management needed to conduct staff appraisal to setup objectives to achieve companys goals. 1a) Critically appraise varied human resource management perspectives and their impacts on the development of business strategy. Three varied human management perspectives are Universalist approach, fit or contingency approach and resource-based approach. Positive impacts of the Universalist approach are: not dependent on competitive strategy of organization, based on four HR policy goals (strategic integration, commitment, flexibility and equality), clarify organisational goals, considers stakeholders influence on employees performance. The negative impacts are: the goals are often unachievable, internal consistency difficult due to contradictions, some elements lead to confusion. Positive impacts of the fit or contingency approach are: provides a simple framework showing how selection, appraisal, development and rewards can be mutually geared to produce required employee performance. Negative impacts of this approach are: does not address what to do if unable to produce required employee behavior and performance, assumes employees will behave as requested. Positive impacts of the resource-based approach are: its concerned with the relationships between internal (HR) resources, strategy and firm performance, focuses on achieving competitive advantage using human capital, focus on behavior, skills, knowledge, attitudes and competencies, involves measuring, reporting and managing human capital, organisation can loan human capital. Negative impacts are: requires coherent framework in order to decide on the measures, and refers to people as human capital. 1b) What are the current situations/difficulties regarding these issues in Coca-Cola and Dabur companies? Coca-Cola changed their pay rate in line with other Indian companies, thus meaning it was dependent on their competitive strategy. This does not follow the Universalist approach as it contradicts their decision. Coca-Cola instead adapted the resource-based approach; they focused on achieving competitive advantage by investing in developing human capital. The fact they concentrated significantly on human resource development satisfied several criteria of this approach. Dabur to some degree maintained the universalist approach as it provided clarity of goals (the three-fold recommendations), and it recognized the majority stakeholders (the Burman family) influence in creating a family-oriented working environment for its employees. Dabur met the criteria of the fit or contingency approach by aiming for consistency across workforce; recognizing it had to give rewards to junior sales officers and representatives for achieving target, they allowed certain employees to club their leaves and enjoy a vacation. 1c) How can they improve this situation? The best way for Coca-Cola and Dabur to improve their situation was to meet more criteria for any certain approach. E.g. Coca-Cola should concentrate on the resource-based approach as it has already met some of its criteria, whereas Dabur should concentrate on the fit or contingency approach as it has already met a lot of its criteria. By maintaining and meeting the criteria of any one approach both companies can hope to be in a better situation. 2a) Critically analyse the importance of alignment between an organizations corporate strategy and objectives, and its human resource strategy. Each of the five steps to the alignment of an organisations corporate strategy and objectives, and its human resource strategy, contribute and are of significant importance: 1. separation no relationship at this stage, thus unimportant. 2. fit -recognises importance of people in achieving organizational strategy. 3. dialogue recognises need for two-way communication and some debate. 4. holistic recognises people as the key to competitive advantage rather than a way of implementing organisational strategy. 5. HR Driven places HR strategy in prime position. 2b) Then by considering the case study compare real activities about alignment between an organizations corporate strategy and objectives in Coca Cola and Dabur with best practice (theoretical view) to identify what the difficulties are regarding this issue in these companies? Coca-Cola began by recognising human resources significance in the restricting process. This led to appointment of managers in the six regions, and an area general. They then recognised the importance of two communications by ensuring the Regional General Managers report to the VP, who in turn report to the CEO. Coca-Cola then took the fourth step by recognising their employees as the key to competitive advantage by bringing together employees from different work cultures and value systems. Their final step was to put the employees in prime position by taking a strategic level decision to turn itself into people-driven company. Dabur used HR strategy as an important part of its restructuring process. It started by recognising the importance of people in achieving the organisational strategy by introducing employee friendly initiatives like annual sales conferences. It then recognised two-way communication by introducing an interactive newsletter. It further recognised employees as key to competitive advantage by commissioning consultants to formulate an employee stock Option Plan. To put HR in prime position they decided to extend the scheme. 2c). How can you solve these problems? Coca-colas problems were the number of employees leaving the company. By better control of the unrest among employees, and by other means such as not downgrading the centres, would have allowed Coca-Cola to avoid this crisis. Problem was Dabur didnt use HR strategy as significantly. If HR strategy played a bigger role in the organisational strategy it would have been more beneficial to the Dabur. 3a). Judge the required processes of assessing the effectiveness of a given human resource strategy and its impact on overall corporate strategy. In assessing the effectiveness of a HR strategy we use the below issues: the HR approach by reaching the corporate strategy objectives. We evaluated the impact of human resource (HR) managers capabilities on HR management effectiveness and the latters impact on corporate strategy. Effectiveness is associated with capabilities and attributes of HR staff. We also found relationships between HR management effectiveness and productivity, cash flow, and market value. Findings were consistent across market and accounting measures of performance and with corrections for biases. 3b). What are the existing condition/difficulties regarding this issue in these companies? Coca-Cola HR carefully revised plan to achieve goals, or developing/carrying-out planned strategies. Coca-cola decreased payment and additional facilities for the employees. Virtually they compact the needless extra facilites. At the first phase Coca-Cola HR strategy could not develop leadership and management released a flow of records which led the company to loss with extra outlay. Darbur has a people-leaning work culture, therefore has no proper HR development to target. The evaluation of companionship earnings and expenses is not vigorously monitored it was a stride following its competitors. From the case study we could not find any loot system from the Dabur before restricting. According to information given Dabur is a family business so the relation between family members are okay but the relation between employees and higher management might be problematic. 3c) How can these companies improve their situation regarding this issue? The companies need to reform their organization and make sure that changes need to be accepted by people. The concern is Coca-cola need a stable leader. Because need of business chiefs will affect companys direction and profits. The rewards are incentives, oversee operation etc. Also, employee encouragement needed for better outcome. 4a) Argue the appropriate human resource strategies for organizations facing mergers, acquisitions, strategic alliances and joint ventures. Mergers and acquisitions (MA) and corporate restructuring are a big part of the corporate finance world. We have little information regarding these events. To understand and study the authors mainly developed a connectional framework. HR management gives a border process of leaning model. This model represents similarities and complements of merging companies. The HR strategies are different for each company, and also depend on circumstances. The merger, acquisition, strategies and joint venture take place because of four motives. Those are enlargement and synergy. Actually human resources management will study both motives of these companies. They will decide whether they will merge or acquisition a company for faster growth synergy, if these companies rapidly increase. We can say using the change in technique. In some company merger or acquisition planning, we need to understand what we are getting into (Do I go ahead? Adjust the price? Walk away?). This is your one shot in underst anding the business before closing the deal. You also want to reduce any post-acquisition surprises (what will we need to work on after acquisition; integration issues, personnel issues, obsolete equipment requiring replacement, warranty exposures, major contracts, and customers base). An important key to remember is Its not only the numbers! 4b). After that by relying on the given information in the case study compare current situation of HR strategies in the occasions of mergers, acquisitions, strategic alliances and joint ventures in Coca Cola and Dabur with best practice (theoretical views) to detect possible difficulties regarding this issue in these companies? In the case study Coca-cola used the HR management strategy. Coca-Cola merged with four bottling companies. Coca-cola used growth and synergy for these merges. This means harder HR issues because of merges, Coca-Cola brought 10000 employees, meaning doubled work force. In this condition Coca-cola faced complexity with unnecessary employees and, resignations and sacks. Under these circumstances HR management needed to decrease outlay. With too much labor they cannot be so, they discharge people so it threats an unstable situation. 4c). How these problems can be solved? As of the company outlook, if they want to reduce employees, then they can do so, but from employees view these dismissals affect their families. So companies could consider the employees experience with them. By providing compensation for dismissal there is fairness (HR management has to balance both side). 5a) Appraise different methods of employees selection. The different methods of employees selection are as follows: Interview: Positive sides of interviews are: have the chance to see how the person dress, speak, communicate, behave, whether clean or not, and learn their personalities. Negatives are: stressful for interviewees, very subjective, talking is not everything, unable to explore technical skills, and personality clashes. Assessment centres: Positives are: candidates like them and generally predict job performance accurately. Negatives are: slow process, costly method and not always reliable. Psychometric tests: Psychometric tests (test for normal or abnormal personality, ability or intelligence, interests or attitudes) are used along with assessment centres, as it gives a better evaluation than either used alone. Work simulations: Candidates are put into small scale job situations. Full Reference checks: Consider the reference letters, contact people who recommended applicants, contact applicants manager or colleagues, get information from independent assessors. CV/Biographical information: Positive side: its a very good source of information regarding the applicant. But, negative side is that it is useful only if real and true. Graphology: Involves analyzing handwriting in relation to human psychology. Positive side: helps understand applicants personality. Negative side: based fully on psychological decisions. 5b) What are the current situations/difficulties regarding these issue in these companies? Coca-cola appointed a new CEO, a VP (Operations), six Regional General Manager. They also appointed Arthur Anderson to inspect accounts in North India. Dabur appointed a new CEO and 3 vice presidents. 5c) How can they improve this situation? Coca-cola needs to ensure they hire trustworthy and uncorrupted employees in order to avoid scandals like the one they faced with the North India operations. As it is the first time Dabur is taking such a step by reorganising their structure, it would be best to hire a professional external recruitment agency as they would have better experience and knowledge regarding hiring employees then Dabur would. 6a) Critically assess strategies for employee deployment, redeployment, poor performance and retention. Employee Deployment is the number of employees required in each department, time period for which they are required and the skills required. Employee Redeployment is transferring employees from one department/position to another for effectiveness. Poor Performance is mainly due to Lack of Ability (lack of training or resources) and Low Motivation (lack of desire and commitment). Employee Retention is the policies and practices used by companies to stop valuable employees from leaving (mainly because they spend considerable time, effort and money to find, recruit and train employees). 6b) Then by considering the case study compare real activities about employee development, performance and retention in Coca Cola Dabur with best practice (theoretical views) to identify what the difficulties are regarding these issues in these companies? Coca-cola decided to employ new managers and senior officers, which required Employee Deployment, during their restructuring. They used Employee Redeployment in order to ensure the new 10,000 employees brought from merger were being used efficiently. They tried combating Poor Performance by introducing talent development meetings, training and foreign internship. But, couldnt prevent Employee Retention as 40 managers and some senior personnel left. Dabur used Employee Deployment to employ new senior officers (i.e. a CEO and three Vice Presidents) and restructure their business. Dabur tried to prevent Poor Performance by introducing newsletters for better employee communication. Dabur maintained Employee Retention as they successfully kept hold of employees. 6c) How can you solve these problems? Coca-cola can solve this problem by preventing Employee Retention by putting in place policies and practices to stop employees leaving. Dabur could be more efficient by using Employee Redeployment. 7a). Assess the relative importance of the creation of the learning organization through self-managed learning, the promotion of intellectual capital and knowledge management. Learning organization is the organizations ability to use mental capacity of its members to create the processes that will improve its own. The technical view assumes that organizational learning is about the effective processing interpretation of, and response to, information both inside and outside the organization. The points below will help understand why the learning organization is important to both companies, they are: Awareness of new and different perspectives. Personal growth and development. Ability to see complexities in making decisions. Awareness of new options and ability to create options Companies to thinking about reduce to the work force, as they have double than required. Sense of career directions. The promotion of intellectual capital and knowledge management: Intellectual capital is knowledge that can be exploited for money making or other useful purpose. The term combines the idea of the intellect or brain power with the economic concept of capital, the saving of entitled benefits so that they can be invested in producing more goods and services. Enhance productivity through improved creation, access and distribution of knowledge. Promoting changed organization to achieve more effective knowledge management. Coordinating technology and human resource development. The management of the intellectual capital in the knowledge intensive organization might also contribute positively to individual well being, as well argue. Knowledge management is the first competency that an organization needs to develop for the management of intellectual capital. Knowledge management constitutes the ability of an organization to learn, to remember what it learned, and to leverage what it learned internally and externally. Internally by transferring it to different workers and department. Externally by sharing it with suppliers distributors partners and customers. 7b). What are the existing condition/difficulties regarding this issue in these companies? There were difficulties in Coca Cola and Dabur. They are: learning organization, intellectual capital, knowledge management. Difficulties of learning organization: there is no problem with teaching workers presentation skills. Coca cola and Daburs scheme did not. Companies thought about reducing employees. Intellectual capital is more difficult to put a value on, the extent to which it has loyal customers, how it is regarded in the local community and the extent to which it has long term satisfactory relationship with key external agencies. For company recruitment of pupils from the local catchments area might seem an obvious surrogate but it is not a good measure on its own as parents often have no choice. Difficulties of knowledge management: reports about successful and failed knowledge management initiatives using various IT systems exist, it is important to analyse the reports before defining the requirement of a knowledge management. The following list shows the problems and they are; Restructuring are a big part of both company, it has to resolve. System not accepted. Lack of user uptake due to insufficient communication. Information is not classified properly in knowledge management system. Using theoretical knowledge for practical problem. Lack of time and training. The knowledge distribution system does not make sense. Knowledge management not integrated into normal work procedures. 7c). How can these companies improve their situation regarding this issue? Difficulties in Coca Cola and Dabur: negative media reports, heavy investment in India and Japan, accommodation and foreign trips for bottlers. Both companies think about reducing employees. Hence, we believe the below discussions may help to improve their situation regarding the above mentioned issues: We must be completely updated on current assignments and accomplishments of employees. If employees do not have own initiatives to work, then HR consultants need to review the situation with the employee to achieve more work progress and to reduce employees. Specify problems with productivity, quality of work, interactions with co-workers, clients or any other problematic behaviour/incidents in the office. If there are specific complaints from supervisors, clients and customers we should read them and conduct necessary investigation to obtain full details and follow proper procedure regarding how we are handled Coca Cola and Dabur evaluation. 8a) Critically evaluate the role of performance review and strategies for management development. The Appraisal Scheme aims to identify the management development needs of staff in order to improve the performance of individuals and of the organisation to achieve companys key objectives. We believe, itss responsible for the line manager to check and review each objectives every year. 6-monthly interim reviews are optional. Such as: staffs need to know how they can contribute to organisational success review past performance develop potential and help improve current performance maintain high performance set up both companies objectives to achieve companies goals assess learning and management development needs Appraisal link assessment for future development with current performance. It provides a stronger role for line management in development. It gives the individual the opportunity to discuss his or her career intentions concerns and views with somebody else. It becomes a vehicle for mentoring where the manager is supported and provided with development opportunities. Performance management is strategic in the sense it is concerned with the broader issues facing businesses if its to function effectively in its environment and with the general direction in which the business intends to go. 8b). After that by relying on the given information in the case study compare current situation of performance review and management development in Coca-cola and Dabur with best practice (theoretical views) to detect possible difficulties regarding this issue in these companies? Both companies have difficulties with media reports, heavy investment in India and Japan, accommodation and foreign trips, we also believe both companies managers hasnt conducted the staff performance review and havent given objectives to employees. They had other staff during that period and so was having financial looses. As best practice management development is best described as the process from which managers learn and improve their skills, investment in management development can have economic benefits to the organization. 8c). How these problems can be solved? Discussion below may help improve Coca Cola and Daburs problems: leadership and motivation creates and maintains an effective/motivating environment where people strive for quality of service and is supportive of all staff; fosters a commitment for achieving companies goals consultant managers will meet with employees at the end of the evaluation period to formally discuss, evaluate and develop companys new goals. reduce employees requires promotion and advertising talent managers have to setup objectives for the employees to achieve companys goals for the coming years identify and implement changes to improve performance to provide a clear understanding of how to be successful provide feedback regarding employees performance and development role-based performance metrics and look at training needs across a group Conclusion: The company outlook to reduce employees, so companies could consider employees experience, provide compensation for dismissal. Advertising and promotion required for both companies to achieve goals. Performance of employees is evaluated. We also found relationships between HR management effectiveness and productivity, cash flow, and market value. The companies need reorganization with expert employees to overcome the issues faced. REFERENCE:

the bomb :: essays research papers

I read the book After the Bomb. I though this was a great book. The beginning of the book went slow. It was not very interesting. Philip is the main character. He likes to play the guitar and he likes girls. Matt, Philips, older brother is dating the girl he likes Cara. Cara is a popular girl at school. The book takes place in a town in the outskirts of Los Angeles, California.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the book Philip is trying to keep his family alive. The book starts in Philips room when he is playing his guitar. Then he goes down to dinner. The next night him and Matt go to the dance at their school. Matt is talking to a lot of girls so Cara takes Philip to dance on the dance floor. Then after the dance Philip goes home to practice his guitar and then he went to bed. The next day Matt barrows some money from Philip. That night at dinner Philip and his mother get into a very big fight.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Philip gets his guitar and goes in to the bomb shelter. Then Matt and Cara go down into the shelter to try to cheer him up. After a little while of talking they hear a very loud sudden sound. Matt opens the top of the shelters door and see’s a very bright dome shaped light. He jumps back into the shelter as fast as he could. Cara started freaking out and crying. A few minutes after the bomb stuck the earth Matt went out looking for his mother. After a while Philip starts to get very worried and goes out to check if Matt is all right. He see’s Matt trying to pick up his mother up so Philip goes and helps his brother pick up his mother and take her to the shelter.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Philips mother is very severely burnt. She has burns all over her body from head to toe. Matt starts getting radiation sickness and throughs up. Philip goes to see if he could get help. Mean while the shelter starts to get real hot inside. Then Philip returns and gets his family to go next door to take shelter in the next door neighbors house’s basement. They stay cool there until all of the fires the bomb started go out and until the air gets better. After the fire goes out Philip and Cara go to explore.

C.S. Lewis’ Reflections on the Psalms

Clive Staples (C.S.) Lewis, best known for his slew of fantasy novels, Chronicles of Narnia, is undoubtedly one of the most popular and controversial Christian writers.   His unabashed use of Christian mythology and concepts in his literary works reflected the impact of his conversion late in life, though his background and interest in folklore and the occultist manage to shine through his texts time and again. In any case, it would be improper and an insult to consider Lewis a run of the mill Christian writer, whose literary products are expected to subscribe to the doctrines of the religion.   Though devoted and a staunch believer, Lewis’ intellectual take on the religion and its implications run against the grain of common Christian literature.   It is, therefore, imperative to view Lewis using this frame of mind, particularly in understanding his post-conversion writings. One must also take into consideration that Lewis’ unorthodox view of Christian teachings – though decidedly supportive and faithful – often elicits much controversy from various parties.   Being an Anglican Christian, his writings are often condemned for their perceived attack on Catholicism and Judaism.   It is with this viewpoint that most literary analysts and critiques pillory Lewis’ most controversial non-fiction Christian tome, Reflections on the Psalms. The book is the result of Lewis’ reading of the Book of Psalms in the Bible, and the result of his discussion is not as easily acceptable for most readers.   It is the culmination of both his Christian background and a genuine interest in the apparent contradiction that faith and religiosity can be the breeding ground for the worst forms of violence and anger. This study posits that C.S. Lewis’ Reflections on the Psalms is a misunderstood body of work that may not be a perfect discussion of the Book of Psalms but does represent the occasionally valid theological theories of the author himself.     Though it will be necessary to compare Lewis’ theological musings to the writings of his peers, one must take into consideration the fact that the book is essentially an encapsulation of Lewis’ own musings and comprehension of the Book of Psalms without proselytizing or seeking any religious influence over any reader. To prove this thesis, the study shall begin with a brief discussion of the contents of the book, primarily with regards to Lewis’ interests and understanding of the Book of Psalms.   Second, the study shall discuss the similarities and differences of Reflections on the Psalms as compared to other books or articles of similar vein.   Third, the study shall seek to understand the value of Lewis’ tome through its intended audience and the message he wished to deliver to his readers. Lastly, the study shall present an in-depth review of the strengths and weaknesses of the book, primarily through specific quotations from the text.   Only then can a valid judgment of the book be achieved.   It would, of course, also be a reliable standard through which the merit and validity of continued patronage for Lewis’ little known tome on the Psalms may be measured. First of all, what exactly is Reflections on the Psalms about?   In a nutshell, Lewis reads the Book of Psalms and finds both joy and fear in his readings.   He is alternately ecstatic and appalled by the combination of praise and vitriolic anger found in this Old Testament book, citing some areas as aberrations when taken against the standards of the Christian world. In the process of reviewing the Book of Psalms, however, Lewis unleashes some seriously controversial lines, such as the condemnation of Jews as worst than pagans in their vindictiveness and anger[1].   Despite his negative pronouncements about the Jews and their violent indignation, Lewis’ book also looks into the essence of praise and what it means to man. The Book of Psalms is essentially a collection of prayer songs.   These songs are filled with praise for God in the same way that man would sing praises of anything or anyone he cares about.   This concept is not lost on Lewis, who promptly dedicates a moving chapter to the power of praise.   Lewis presents a different point of view in the sense that he urges readers not to fall for the theological jargon and technicalities that essentially make the reading of the Bible tedious and academic. Rather, his main point in writing Reflections on the Psalms is to emphasize the love that drives man to sing praises to a higher power and a greater being.   It is this essence of the Book of Psalms that Lewis focuses upon, emphasizing the unique rapturous sensation that fuels the Psalmists’ songs of praise for God, even in all their imperfect glory. Lewis’ book on the Psalms, of course, is not the first or last one in the literary world.   Arthur Weiser’s The Psalms: a Commentary, for example, is a straightforward commentary on the writings in the Book of Psalms.   Without essentially dissecting the concepts within the book, Weiser presents a modern discussion of the Psalms in a manner similar to a literary addendum; his book is explanatory of the book in the context of history rather than straight theology. The result is more of an academic verse by verse explanation of the Book of Psalms.   For example, the book attempts to find a correlation between the promised power of the Israelite king and the known history of Israel.   In doing so, Weiser likens the kings of Israel to the ruler of Egypt, explaining the psalmist’s faith as a product of the historical submission to an unseen God prominent in the area during that period.[2] On the other hand, J.M. Smith’s The Religion of the Psalms is more focused on the significance of the Book of Psalms with regards to its effects on morality in the Jewish sphere.[3]   How did the Book of Psalms influence the moral and ethical standards of the Jewish community? In essence, it is less a theological discussion (as in Lewis’ Reflections on the Psalms) or a historical study (as in Weiser’s The Psalms: a Commentary) and more of a study on the ethical dimensions and impact of the Psalms.   What is most important to discuss, apart from the approach to the Book of Psalms, however, is the literary style employed by Lewis.   Both Weiser and Smith present a near clinical explanation of the Book of Psalms, rendering it completely academic in nature. With Lewis, however, the style of writing is entirely different.   Though the content may be controversial, Lewis’ writing style undoubtedly produces beautiful, free flowing prose.   Even in his damning critique of what he calls â€Å"Jewish prison of self-righteousness†, his words never fail to contain a certain degree of mastery that renders the reader speechless and enthralled. His use of imagery and metaphors – a feature not found in other studies and commentaries on the Book of Psalms – alternately brings to life the peaceful, rapturous bliss of praise and the scathing fire-and-brimstone speeches of anger and vindictiveness.   Lewis’ style leaves no room for doubt: he indicts, judges and rhapsodizes about every nook and cranny of the Book of Psalms, thereby presenting a delightful and visually stimulating analysis of the Old Testament’s ode to prayer.[4] It may be said that the style of writing itself speaks volumes about Lewis’ very message.   His use of vivid prose and occasionally harsh, unforgiving words essentially show that the book is far from a theological dissertation that begs readership from scholars of the same field alone.   Rather than an academic approach, Lewis has utilized a less formal yet no less insightful means to discuss his views of the Book of Psalms. As such, it may be surmised that the intended audience of the book are the masses – lay people who cannot be presumed to know enough of the Bible’s scholarly and theological debates.   Instead, the book is designed to appeal to and at the same time educate the ordinary people who wish to learn more of faith rather than spend their hours reciting prescribed prayers. It is a discussion made entirely accessible to ordinary people – an exercise in proletariat â€Å"education†.   It is not exactly an attempt to aid conversions or strengthen the proselytizing armies.   More importantly, Lewis does not write directly for the Christian readers, either, despite his subject matter.   Lewis’ intention is to move people towards action, towards moral indignation against illicit and immoral activities.[5] In essence, the target audience is anyone who cares about moral uprightness, and the Book of Psalms becomes a means for Lewis to deliver across his point.   Rather than a platform for theological proselytizing, the end of Lewis’ book emphasizes moral action rather than any actual alignment with any church.[6] As mentioned earlier, Reflections on the Psalms is a book both loved and hated.   First of all, its subject matter and brash approach render it quite prickly for many critics.   One significant weakness of the book is its blatant criticism against Jews that can easily be misunderstood as an attack on the Semitic community. For example, in explaining the vitriolic anger that populates parts of the Book of Psalms, Lewis indicted the Psalmists (Jews, inevitably) for their hatred and the devilish and vulgar images graphically present in the psalms.[7]   Indeed, if Psalm 9, which speaks of blessings for people who violently bash the brains of Babylonian babies, is anything to go by, Lewis is not at all far-fetched or exaggerating. Despite the reality of Lewis’ accusations of violence and sensationalism in the Book of Psalms, this becomes a weakness of his book, particularly since it is viewed as a biased indictment of one race rather than an accurate response to a literary piece.   Moreover, since Lewis is incapable of reading the original Hebrew version of the Book of Psalms, this is easily a weakening of his rhetoric. Though essentially accurate in his reaction to the contents of the Book of Psalms, his admission that he is no reader of Hebrew becomes more of a problem rather than a powerful disclosure.   While it does not entirely negate the validity of Lewis’ contentions (as reading from an English translation is also perfectly valid), it does become a thorn on the author’s side when issues of validity and objectivity arise. Perhaps in sharp contrast to this failed disclosure is Lewis’ admission that he is no theologian.   Rather than become a weakness of the study, this becomes a very powerful tool in Lewis’ defense of his writings.   As Lewis wrote, â€Å"One is sometimes (not often) glad not to be a great theologian.   One might so easily confuse it with being a good Christian†.[8]   In essence, this provides Lewis with a very good defense with regards to the allegations that he is bias on purpose, with an obviously anti-Semitic bend. Lewis does not claim any moral superiority in discussing the Psalms.   The essence of Reflection on the Psalms, therefore, is a very personal book written from Lewis’ own point of view and should not be taken as a tool for ethnic indictment or proselytizing. This concept is also highly related to the final and most significant strength of the book.   Despite claims that the book is biased and subjective, the greatest power of Reflections on the Psalms is its raw, honest discussion of the power of praise.   He wrote, â€Å"The most valuable thing the Psalms do for me is to express that same delight in God which made David dance†[9]. It is precisely this bliss that Lewis captures perfectly in his book, rendering it a bittersweet portrayal of human flaws and the love of God that continues to inspire even the most imperfect of humans to dance for joy and sing in bliss.   Though he does present a rather negative depiction of the Jews in the early part of his book, he acknowledges their flaws as human and present in everyone.   It is their ability to connect, love and be moved by the presence of God that makes them worth and even admirable in the eyes of Lewis. BIBLIOGRAPHY â€Å"Lewis on the Psalms†, TIME Magazine, 22 September 1958; accessed on 5 May 2008 available from http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,863917,00.html Lewis, C.S.   Reflections on the Psalms.   New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1958 Meilaender, Gilbert.   Things That Count: Essays Moral and Theological.   Wilmington, DE: ISI Books, 2000 Smith, J.M.   The Religion of the Psalms.   Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1922    Weiser, Arthur. The Psalms: A Commentary.   Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1962    Wood, Ralph.   â€Å"Conflict and Convergence on Fundamental Matters in C.S. Lewis and J.R.R. Tolkie [1] â€Å"Lewis on the Psalms†, TIME Magazine, 22 September 1958; accessed on 5 May 2008 available from http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,863917,00.html [2] Arthur Weiser, The Psalms: A Commentary,   (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1962) 111 [3] J.M. Smith, The Religion of the Psalms, (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1922), v [4] â€Å"Lewis on the Psalms†, 1958 [5] Ibid [6] Ibid [7] C.S. Lewis, Reflections on the Psalms, (New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1958) [8] Ibid., p.57 [9] Ibid., p.45

Detroitism

Historical Oblivion John Patrick Leary’s essay, Detroitism  explores the most common rhetoric that Detroit as a city and a symbol often falls  victim  to the validity of ‘ruin porn’ which attempts to document but often exploits its history. Leary is an  American literature teacher  at Wayne State University in Detroit. His essay explores in-depth the shallowness of popular ruin pornographers, Yves Marchand and Romain Meffre, photographs from their book, The Ruins of Detroit,  as well as other popular photographers.He also  outlines the three â€Å"Detroit Stories,† which are typical  attitudes  regarding Detroit news and media discussion. He intends to reveal a point he thinks is of reasonable importance to readers’. His essay is one with a valid message. However it can be difficult to understand exactly what he means at times as he shifts from criticism to defence of the photographers he mentions, which can sometime confuse them in to getting to different conclusions. Nevertheless, he does eventually secure a crucial point that stands out to most readers.According to John Patrick Leary, â€Å"Detroit remains the Mecca of urban ruins. † Leary notes that ruin photography is often deemed â€Å"pornographic,† and questions how photographs of a crumbling city can really tell us why that city crumbles. Where ruin photography succeeds is â€Å"in compelling us† to ask the questions necessary to put this story together—Detroit’s story, but also the increasingly familiar story of urban America in an era of prolonged economic crisis. He adjusts his writing in an effort to unveil a different view of Detroit’s past to the readers.In Leary’s view, most people are completely blinded by the fascination conveyed in the photographs and are unaware of the events that actually took place in the city. One example of ruin-porn Leary chooses to criticize is an extract from The Britis h filmmaker Julien Temple’s   Ã¢â‚¬ËœDetroit: The Last Days’: â€Å"In their shadows, the glazed eyes of the street zombies slide into view, stumbling in front of the car. Our excitement at driving into what feels like a man-made hurricane Katrina is matched only by sheer disbelief that what was once the fourth-largest city in the U. S. ould actually be in the process of disappearing from the face of the earth. † Leary describes this style as the locally denounced â€Å"ruin porn,† as all the elements are present: the exuberant connoisseurship of dereliction; the unembarrassed rejoicing at the â€Å"excitement† of it all, hastily balanced by the liberal posturing of sympathy for a â€Å"man-made Katrina;† and most importantly, the absence of people other than those he calls, cruelly, â€Å"street zombies. † Leary’s point is that the city and its people aren’t properly mentioned for they mean nothing to Detroit authors; their only interest is to come up with something readers find fascinating.This is exactly what Leary disapproves of and is the main purpose of his essay. According to Leary, no photograph can adequately identify the origins for Detroit’s contemporary ruination; all it can represent is the spectacular wreckage left behind in the present, after decades of deindustrialization, housing discrimination, suburbanization, drug violence, municipal corruption and incompetence, highway construction, and other forms of urban renewal that have taken their terrible tolls.The point behind his writing is to, at which to some extent he succeeds, change the reader’s view of Detroit by explaining the reality of the city’s past and allowing readers to imagine themselves in the past citizens’ unpleasant positions, at the time of the city’s downfall. John mentions what is most unsettling to him—but also most troubling—in Moore’s photos is their res istance to any narrative content or explication.For example, he describes Moore’s shot of a grove of birch trees growing out of rotting books in a warehouse as being a sign of Detroit’s stubborn persistence, and that it could easily be a visual joke on the city’s supposed intellectual and physical decrepitude, a bad joke that does not need repeating. Leary seems to disapprove of every photographer he mentions but only to some extent. What he thinks makes this subgenre of urban expose particularly contemporary, though, is the historical and economic phenomenon it struggles to represent, a phenomenon the newness of which few of us can adequately comprehend.He tries to break things down to make it easier to understand his reasoning. Another issue Leary discusses is how the city fascinates as it is a condensed, emphatic example of the trials of so many American cities in an era of globalization, which has brought with it intensified economic instability and seemingl y intractable joblessness. The implied message here is that people don’t realize that they themselves are at risk of sharing Detroit’s fate caused by economic struggles we face today. It’s a clear example of how that term, these days at least, increasingly looks like an optimistic delusion.Leary thinks it may have always been this way, and shows that he’s not satisfied. In viewing  Detroit Disassembled  and  The Ruins of Detroit, according to Leary, one is conscious of nothing so much as failure of the city itself. Neither do the photographs communicate anything more than that self-evident fact. It is difficult to see through the pictures to discover the past. This is the meta-irony of these often ironic pictures: Though they trade on the peculiarity of Detroit as living ruin, these are pictures of historical oblivion.Leary emphasizes that Detroit figures as either a nightmare image of the American Dream, where equal opportunity and abundance came t o die, or as an updated image of it, where people from expansive coastal cities can have the one-hundred-dollar house and community garden of their dreams. Although not directly mentioned, it is clear that this essay was not written only for the sake of Detroit, but rather to introduce a more realistic view of the world, one that Leary thinks the most people misunderstand.Leary tries to support his personal perspective with examples of situations that seem almost identical, providing more opportunities for readers to grab his ideas. It seems he’s so determined to making sure the reader grabs the accurate idea of the events in his writing that he, although it’s not very noticeable, uses guilt to persuade the reader about what he considers to be wrong views of Detroit’s past, which does not work in every approach.This may be due to the drawn conclusion of Leary trying to change the reader, which is understandably taken in disapproval, as readers like to have their own thoughts on implied matters in a reading. Most readers like to be entertained instead of being informed, although it is those readers who need to be informed. This doesn’t mean that his writing is offensive; it just isn’t balanced in a way that makes sense to everyone. At the end of his essay, Leary lessens his criticism about the photography and actually states what they do right. He starts to show a bit of appreciation as well.At that point, he starts to explain his analysis of the photographers’ work as incomplete. He mentions how Photographers like Moore, Marchand, and Meffre succeed in compelling us to ask the questions necessary to put this story together, Detroit’s story, but also the increasingly-familiar story of urban America in an era of prolonged economic crisis. He believes that the fact that they themselves fail to do so testifies not only to the limitations of any still image, but our collective failure to imagine what Detroit’s future, our collective urban future, holds for us all.The decontextualized aesthetics of ruin make them pictures of nothing and no place in particular. Detroit in these artists’ work is a mass of unique details that fails to tell a complete story. â€Å"But it’s a bit more than that,† Leary says, as he tries to explain that their photographs aren’t necessarily wrong, but rather that they are missing an important side of Detroit’s history, one that is crucial to our understanding of its future.

Active Euthanasia

Active euthanasia or physician’s assisted suicide should be legal in the ethical process that the organization, Dignitas performs it. The process in summation, consists of a person who is terminally ill and in excruciating pain, contacting the organization, becoming a member by fee, and submitting medical documents with diagnosis from a medical professional including those from a therapist, to a Dignitas physician. The elected physician then decides whether or not the member is qualified for active euthanasia and a prescription for the drug sodium pentobarbital is written for the patient/member and administered in Zurich, Switzerland.Any controversy or disagreements with the outlined process arise mostly from misconceptions by the public. Ludwig Minelli, founder of Dignitas states, â€Å"The whole issue is not in the public field. It is covered by a taboo, and we should speak about it. † The topic of Active euthanasia should be further explored and dissected by those wh o disagree with it. Active euthanasia should be legalized because it gives those in unimaginable pain the chance to end their suffering, we are exposed to legal substances that already induce death, and the right to life should also mean the right to decide when to end that life.When people approach death, they often cling to the idea of a peaceful death. Unfortunately, not everyone experiences a peaceful death. It is a gamble of luck in most instances, but what about in the case of an ALS patient? The person’s body is slowly deteriorating, they lose the ability to speak, swallow, move their body, and eventually communicate. If an ALS patient is dying before our eyes, they may look peaceful, but how can we be sure they’re not suffering in pure agony if they can’t communicate?For people like Craig Ewert, a 59 year old ALS victim, the option of euthanasia should be on the table. He pleads, â€Å"What may look peaceful from the outside does not necessarily reflect the internal mental state of the person. Let’s face it, when you’re completely paralyzed,can’t talk,can’t move your eyes, can’t move your arms, how do you let somebody know you’re suffering? They look at you, and you’re still. And usually, we associate suffering with people kind of rolling around and going â€Å"Ow,ow,ow. †.. There’s none of that. Gee, it must be peaceful. †